Plant Kingdom MCQs for NEET Exam
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In this post, we will be sharing 50 objective questions from Plant Kingdom for the NEET exam coming next year. Answer keys and detailed explanations are also provided in this post so that you can check your answers and clear your doubts as well. If you still have any doubts left, you can join our small community on social media as well.
Questions 1-20
1. In pteridophytes, gametophytes require A to grow
a) Cool, damp, and shady places
b) Dry places
c) Terrestrial area
d) Water
2. Which one of the following pairs of plants are not seed producers?
a) Fern and Funaria
b) Funaria and Ficus
c) Ficus and Chlamydomonas
d) Fern and Pinus
3. A bryophyte, which harbours a nitrogen-fixing blue-green alga in its thallus, is
a) Pogonatum
b) Riccia
c) Marchantia
d) Anthoceros
4. Rhodophytes are commonly called as
a) Blue-green algae
b) Red algae
c) Brown algae
d) Green algae
5. This place in India is called ‘The Golden Mine of Liverworts’.
a) Eastern Himalayas
b) Western Himalayas
c) Western Ghats
d) Eastern Ghats
6. In the alternation of generations the sporophytic generation is A and the gametophytic generation is B Here A and B refer to
a) A-2n; B-n
b) A-n; B-2n
c) A-n; B-n
d) A-2n; B-2n
7. Chloroplasts of Spirogyra have
a) Spiral margin
b) Smooth of waxy margin
c) Smooth margin
d) None of these
8. In Selaginella the adaxial outgrowth from the base of the leaf is called
a) Ligule
b) Velum
c) Rhizophore
d) Glossopodium
9. In Dryopteris, the opening mechanism of sporangium is effectively operated by
a) Stalk
b) Stomium
c) Annulus
d) None of these
10. Calcium encrustation and larvicidal properties are present in
a) Chara
b) Oscillatoria
c) Diatoms
d) Canlerapa
11. Iodine is obtained from
a) Laminaria
b) Chlorella
c) Polysiphonia
d) Porphyra
12. Number of archegonia in Cycas is
a) 8
b) 4
c) 1
d) 2
13. Which of the following in the moss capsule is haploid/gametophytic tissue?
a) Annulus and peristome
b) Calyptra and spore
c) Columella and theca
d) Operculum foot and seta
14. In angiosperms seeds are enclosed by
a) Flowers
b) Fruits
c) Ovule
d) Perianth
15. Double fertilisation involves
a) Syngamy and triple fusion
b) Double fertilisation
c) Development of antipodal cell
d) Development of synergids
16. Which one of the following is a gymnosperm?
a) Mango
b) Walnut
c) Funaria
d) Chilgoza
17. Which of the following propagates through the leaf tip?
a) Walking fern
b) Sprout-leaf plant
c) Marchantia
d) Moss
18. The spores in the moss plant are formed in
a) Foot
b) Seta
c) Capsule
d) Both (b) and (c)
19. Antherozoids of Dryopteris are
a) Multi ciliated and coiled
b) Multi-ciliated and sickle-shaped
c) Biciliated and coiled
d) Biciliated and sickle-shaped
20. Which has vascular tissue, and produces spores but does not have seeds?
a) Bryophyta
b) Pteridophyta
c) Gymnosperms
d) Angiosperms
Answers
1.a 2.a 3.d 4.b 5.b 6.a 7.c 8.a 9.b 10.a 11.a 12.b 13.b 14.b 15.a 16.d 17.a 18.c 19.a 20.b
Solutions
1 (a)
In pteridophytes, gametophytes (prothallus) require cool, damp and shady places to grow
2 (a)
Fern (Pteridophyta) and Funaria (Bryophyta) are on-seed-producing plants, while Ficus and Pinus are seed-producing plants.
3 (d)
ANTHOCEROS is a hornwort (bryophyte) that harbours a nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae (Nostoc) in its mucilage cavities. The association of Nostoc and Anthoceros is a highly specialized form of symbiosis.
4 (b)
Gk. Rhodo-red; Phyton-plants. The characteristic red colour of algae is due to the presence of the excess amount of r-phycoerythrin (red in colour) which masks the colour of other pigments
5 (b)
The liverworts are widely distributed over the earth’s surface but are far more numerous in the tropics than in other parts of the world. In India, they are abundant in the Western Himalayas, where rainfall is the heaviest.
6 (a)
In the alternation of generations, the sporophytic generation is 2n and the gametophytic generation is n
7 (c)
All the chloroplast in the Spirogyra may be loosely or tightly coiled and run spirally in parallel. The band-shaped chloroplast is either narrow (having a smooth margin) or broad (having a serrated margin).
8 (a)
The leaves of Selaginella are microphillus. Each leaf is traversed by a single unbranched mid-rib. A ligule arises from the base of each leaf (ligulate) they are delicate and green with an entire or serrate margin and acute apex.
9 (b)
In Dryopteris, the mechanism of sporangium opening is effectively operated by stomium, when stomium ruptures the spores are discharged.
10 (a)
Chara possesses calcium encrustation and larvicidal properties.
11 (a)
Brown algae such as Laminaria, Macrocystis, Fucus, etc, are the main source of iodine.
12 (b)
In Cycas, the archegonia are formed from the gametophytic cells lining the archegonial chamber. The number of archegonia formed in a gametophyte is variable, e.g.,3-8 in C.revoluta,3-6 in C.rumphi and 3-8 in C.circinalis.
13 (b)
Leaf, calyptra and protonema all are haploid and have the same number of chromosomes.
14 (b)
Angiosperms are so named because they are enclosed within a fruit of some sort
15 (a)
Double fertilisation is the fusion of one male gamete with a female gamete (syngamy) and another male gamete with a diploid secondary nucleus (triple fusion), i.e., double fertilisation = syngamy = triple fusion
16 (d)
Seeds of Pinus gerardiana (gymnosperm) are commonly known as chilgoza.
17 (a)
Adiantum is also called a walking fern. In Adiantum, the tips of the leaves, on coming in contact with the soil, give out adventitious roots which, in turn, produce new leaves and develop into new plants.
18 (c)
The capsule bears spores. Spores are formed after meiosis
19 (a)
The antherozoids of Dryopteris are large, coiled and multiflagellate structures which have a prominent vesicle and a nucleus.
20 (b)
Pteridophytes are vascular cryptogams. They generally produce spores but do not have seeds.
Question 21-40
21. Which of the following correctly represents the type of life cycle patterns from the options given?
a) A-Haplontic, B-Diplontic, C-Haplo-diplontic
b) A-Diplontic, B-Haplontic, C-Haplo-diplontic
c) A-Haplo-diplontic, B-Diplontic, C-Haplontic
d) A-Diplontic, B-Haplo-diplontic, C-Haplontic
22. Consider the following statements about bryophyte plants
I. The tea prepared from Polytrichum commune is used to dissolve kidney and gallbladder stones
II. Many chemical products such as alcohol, ammonium sulphate, paraffin, brown dye, etc., can be obtained from peat
Choose the correct option
a) I is true, II is false
b) II is true, I is false
c) Both I and II are true
d) Both I and II are false
23. Moss capsule represents a
a) Gametophyte
b) Sporophyte
c) Part of protonema
d) Part of sorus
24. The gametophyte is not an independent, free-living generation in
a) Adiantum
b) Marchantia
c) Pinus
d) Polytrichum
25. Which one is not the feature of Cycas?
a) Unbranched stem
b) Pinnate leaves
c) The male or female cones may be borne on the different tree
d) Archegonia is absent
26. The members of brown algae (class-Phaeophyceae) have a gelatinous coating outside the cellulosic cell wall called
a) Algin
b) Glycoalgin starch
c) Polyalginate
d) Polyolefin
27. In Bryophtya, the adult plant body is
a) Sporophyte
b) Epiphyte
c) Sporophyll
d) Gametophyte
28. Difference between algae and bryophytes is
a) Terrestrial habitat
b) Sterile jacket
c) Biflagellate gametes
d) None of the above
29. The correct names of gymnospermous plants A, B and C shown in the figure below are
a) A-Cycas, B-Ginkgo, C-Pinus
b) A-Cycas, B-Pinus, C-Ginkgo
c) A-Ginkgo, B-Cycas, C-Pinus
d) A-Pinus, B-Cycas, C-Ginkgo
30. Which one of the following is an example of chlorophyllous thallophyte?
a) Volvariella
b) Spirogyra
c) Nephrolepis
d) Gnetum
31. Which of the following is known as pond silk?
a) Spirogyra
b) Ulothrix
c) Nostoc
d) Anabaena
32. Which of the following does not belong to the class Phaeophyceae (brown algae)?
a) Ectocarpus and Dictyota
b) Laminaria and Sargassum
c) Fucus and Dictyota
d) Polysiphonia and Gelidium
33. In pteridophytes, the sporophytes consist of leaf-like appendages called
a) Megaphylls
b) Sporophylls
c) Thalli
d) Sporangia
34. Meiosis in Spirogyra, Ulothrix, Chlamydomonas and most of the algae/thallophytes is
a) Sporic
b) Zygotic
c) Gametic
d) Unequal
35. In Funaria, stomata are present on the
a) Stem
b) Leaves
c) Capsule
d) Apophysis
36. Gymnosperms are characterised by
a) Multiflagellate sperms
b) Nacked seeds
c) Winged seeds
d) Seeds inside fruits
37. Which of the statements is correct about Marchantia?
I. Plant body is thallus-like structures closely attached to the substrate
II. Sporophyte is differentiated into foot, seta and capsule
III. Gemma cup located on the thalli
a) I and II
b) I and III
c) II and III
d) I, II and III
38. Heterocysts are found in
a) Cyanophyceae
b) Chlorophyceae
c) Phaeophyceae
d) Rhodophyceae
39. Mosses occur in moist places because
a) They cannot grow on land
b) Their gamete fuses in water
c) They lack vascular tissue
d) They lack root and stomata
40. Angiospermic plants are characterised by
I. double fertilisation
II. triploid endosperm
III. Diploid endosperm
Choose the correct option from the following regarding the above statements
a) I and II are correct
b) I and III are correct
c) II and III are correct
d) I, II and III are correct
Answers
21.a 22.c 23.b 24.c 25.d 26.a 27.d 28.b 29.b 30.b 31.a 32.d 33.b 34.b 35.d 36.b 37.d 38.a 39.b 40.a
Solutions
21 (a)
A-Haplontic The dominant multicellular phase is gametophyte or haploid
B-Diplontic The dominant multicellular phase is diploid or sporophytic
C-Haplo-diplontic The dominant phase is both gametophytic (multicellular) and sporophytic (multicellular)
22 (c)
Some bryophytes have important medicinal uses.
For example- The tea prepared from Polytrichum commune is used to dissolve kidney and gall bladder stones. Species of Sphagnum, a moss, provide peat that has long been used as fuel. Many chemical products such as alcohol, ammonium sulphate, peat tar, paraffin, nitrates, brown dye, tanning, materials, etc., can be obtained from peat
23 (b)
In moss, the sporophyte is differentiated into foot, seta and capsule. Capsule bears spores, which give rise to gametophyte after meiosis, e.g., Funaria, Polytrichum and Sphagnum
24 (c)
Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes, in gymnosperms (e.g., Pinus, Cycas, etc.), the male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free-living existence. They remain within the sporangia retained on the sporophytes.
25 (d)
The stems are unbranched in Cycas or branched in Pinus and Cedrus. In Cycas, leaves are reduced and usually once pinnate circulates. The male or female cones or strobili may be borne on the same tree (Pinus) or on different trees (Cycas). In Cycas, the archegonia are embedded in the female gametophytes and open into the archegonia chamber
26 (a)
The members of brown algae have a gelatinous coating outside the cellulose cell wall called align. Alginic acid is a phycocollioid extracted commercially from giant brown algae or kelps. Alginic acid is copolymer of α-1, 4 D-mammuronic acid and α-1, 4 L-glucuronic acid
27 (d)
Adult plant body of bryophyta is called gametophyte. A gametophyte is a haploid that produces gametes.
28 (b)
The main difference between algae and bryophytes is that the sex organs are single-celled, without a jacket of sterile vegetative cells in algae, whereas in bryophytes sex organs are always multicellular and protected by a jacket of sterile vegetative cells.
29 (b)
A- Cycas, B-Pinus, C-Ginkgo
30 (b)
Spirogyra in an unbranched filamentous green thallophyte. The chloroplast is a pigment-containing organelle having chlorophyll-a and b. The yellow pigments are carotene and xanthophyll.
31 (a)
The cells of Spirogyra are longer than their breadth. The cell wall is two-layered. The inner wall is made up of cellulose and the outer of pectose, when pectose comes in contact with water it makes the filament slimy or slippery. Hence, the alga is called pond silk.
32 (d)
Polysiphonia and Gelidium belong to the class Rhodophyceae
33 (b)
In pteridophytes, the sporophyte consists of leaf-like appendages called sporophylls. Sporophyll in clusters form distinct compact structures called strobili or cones, e.g., Selaginella and Equisetum
34 (b)
In members of Chlorophyceae, meiosis is a zygotic type.
35 (d)
In Funaria, the apophyseal region is the lowermost part of the capsule. The epidermis of the apophyseal region has stomatal apertures. Each stoma has two guard cells, which in later stages fuse to form a single annular guard cell.
36 (b)
Gymnosperms lack ovaries thus, fruits are absent. They possess naked seeds due to the presence of naked ovules
37 (d)
The vegetative plant body of Marchentia is a dorsiventral lobed thallus. The sporophyte of bryophytes is known as sporogonium. The Sporogonium of Marchentia is differentiated into foot, seta and capsule. Asexual reproduction in Marchentia takes place by the formation of gemmae, which are located on the thalli
38 (a)
In Cyanophyceae, many filamentous forms possess some specialized cells of disputed nature called heterocysts, which help in nitrogen fixation, e.g., Nostoc, Anabaena, etc.
39 (b)
The reproduction in mosses takes place in water, thus they occur in moist places.
40 (a)
Double fertilisation is a characteristic feature of angiosperms. It was discovered by SG Nawaschin in 1898. In double fertilisation, one male gamete fused with the ovum to form a diploid zygote and the second male gamete fused with the diploid secondary nucleus to form the triploid primary endosperm nucleus, which develops into endosperm. The endosperm provides nutrition to the developing embryo.
Question 41-50
41. Read carefully the following statement about the sexual reproduction in ferns
I. Water is essential for fertilisation
II. Male gametophyte bears antheridia, while female gametophyte bears archegonium, which produces antherozoids and egg cell, respectively
III. Antherozoids and egg cell fuses to give rise zygote. The zygote develops into a young embryo. Embryos give rise to sporophyte
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) I and II
b) II and III
c) I and III
d) I, II and III
42. Which of the following parts of Funaria sporophyte is involved in the dispersal of spores?
a) Calyptra
b) Operculum
c) Peristome
d) Annulus
43. In A gametophytic phase is dominant, while in B sporophytic phase in dominant.
Identify A and B. Choose the correct option
a) A-pteridophytes; B-algae
b) A-bryophytes; B-pteridphytes
c) A-gymnosperm; B-fungi
d) A-angiosperms; B-algae
44. In which of the following group would you place a plant, which produces seeds but lacks fruits?
a) Fungi
b) Pteridophytes
c) Bryophytes
d) Gymnosperms
45. The bryophytes are fundamentally terrestrial plants but require the presence of water to complete their life cycle. The water is needed for
I. dehiscence of antheridia
II. liberation of antherozoids
III. transfer of sperms from antheridia to archegonia
IV. opening of the archegonial neck
V. The movement of antherozoids into the archegonial neck
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) I, II and IV
b) II, III, IV and V
c) III, IV and V
d) I, II, III, IV and V
46. In gymnosperms, the nucellus is protected by envelopes and this composite structure is known as
a) Ovule
b) Ovary
c) Anther
d) Strobili
47. Pinus belongs to the class
a) Gnetopsida
b) Cycadopsida
c) Coniferopsida
d) Sphenopsida
48. In comparison to angiosperm, one of the following algae exhibits haplo diplontic life cycle
a) Volvox
b) Chlamydomonas
c) Ectocarpus
d) Fucus
49. Storage bodies, pyrenoids in the chloroplast contain
a) Protein and Starch
b) Carbohydrate and Protein
c) Polysaccharide and Protein
d) Starch and Lipid
50. The red colour of ‘red sea’ is due to which of the following blue-green algae?
a) Chlamydomonas
b) Anabaena
c) Microcystis
d) Trichodesmium
Answers
41.d 42.c 43.b 44.d 45.d 46.a 47.c 48.c 49.a 50.d
Solutions
41 (d)
Male gametophyte bears antheridia, while female gametophyte bears archegonium, which produces, antherozoids and egg cell, respectively. Antherozoids are released in water, where they come in contact with archegonium and egg cells. It fuses with egg cells to produce the zygote. The zygote develops into a young embryo
42 (c)
The Peristome of Funaria sporophyte is involved in the dispersal of spores.
43 (b)
In bryophytes gametophytic phase is dominant, while in pteridophytes sporophytic phase is dominant
44 (d)
Gymnosperms lack ovaries thus, fruits are absent. They possess naked seeds due to the presence of naked ovules
45 (d)
In bryophytes, water is needed for
(i) Dehiscence of antheridia
(ii) Liberation of antherozoids
(iii) Transfer of sperms from antheridia to archegonia
(iv) Opening of archegonial neck
(v) The movement of antherozoids into the archegonial neck
Thus, due to the peculiar type of their habitat, they are regarded as ‘the amphibians of the plant kingdom’
46 (a)
In gymnosperms, the nucellus is protected by envelopes and this composite structure is called an ovule. Each ovule is actually the female spore-producing organ surrounded by a protective envelope called integuments
47 (c)
Pinus belongs to Coniferopsida. The mature plant is a large tree growing up to 30-70 m in height and differentiated into root, stem and leaves. Branches are arranged in acropetal order thus, giving the pyramid or conical-shaped appearance to the tree.
48 (c)
Most algal genera are haplontic, some of them such as Ectocarpus, Polysiphonia, and Kelps are haplodiplontic
49 (a)
Protein and starch.
Green algae store food in the form of starch in specialized structures called pyrenoids located in the chloroplast. Each pyrenoid has a central protein called ‘pyrenocrystal’ and a surrounding starch sheath
50 (d)
Due to the presence of Trichodesmium, a blue-green algae, ‘red sea’ has its specific red colour.
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